In 2024, internet shutdowns reached a record high in Africa as access became increasingly weaponized by governments and authorities across multiple countries. According to reports from technology watchdog NetBlocks, at least 19 African nations experienced disruptions during the year. The affected regions included Burundi, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mauritius, Mozambique Niger Nigeria, Republic of Congo (Congo Brazzaville), Sudan and Tanzania among others. These shutdowns impacted citizens’ ability to access vital information during crucial moments such as elections or civil unrest.
The growing trend raises concerns about freedom of speech and human rights violations in the continent, where governments often justify these actions under national security measures or maintaining order amidst protests and riots. However, critics argue that internet shutdowns primarily serve to suppress dissenting voices against political regimes while hindering citizens’ access to crucial information during emergencies.
In response to this alarming situation, international organizations like the African Union (AU) have called for stronger measures aimed at protecting digital rights and freedom of expression online. Additionally, civil society groups such as Access Now and Human Rights Watch continue their efforts in advocating against internet censorship worldwide while monitoring ongoing developments related to digital freedoms across various countries.
As technology advances rapidly, ensuring an open internet remains crucial not only for democratic processes but also for fostering economic growth and social development within African nations. Governments must strike a delicate balance between maintaining security interests with respecting citizens’ fundamental rights to freedom of expression and access to information online.
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